Identify the Symptoms

• Check for excessive oil consumption.
• Listen for knocking noises from the engine.
• Look for black soot on the tailpipes.
• Inspect for loss of power.
• Perform an oil analysis to check for metal particles.

Confirm the Diagnosis

• Conduct a borescope inspection to visually confirm bore scoring.
• Carry out a compression test to assess the engine’s condition.
• Utilize an engine oil diagnostics center to analyze oil samples.

Evaluate Repair Options

• Minor scoring may only require cylinder honing and new piston rings.
• Severe scoring typically necessitates re-sleeving the cylinders or engine replacement.

Disassemble the Engine

• Remove the engine from the vehicle.
• Disassemble the engine, including removing the heads, pistons, and cylinders.
• Keep all parts organized and label them for reassembly.

Inspect and Measure Components

• Use micrometers and bore gauges to measure the cylinder bores and pistons.
• Check for other underlying issues such as worn bearings or damaged pistons.

Choose a Repair Method

• Re-sleeving Option: Send the engine block to a machine shop for re-sleeving with high-quality ductile iron or aluminum sleeves.
• Engine Replacement: Opt for a rebuilt or new engine if the damage is beyond repair.

Reassemble the Engine

• Clean all components before reassembly to ensure no contaminants remain.
• Replace worn or damaged parts including pistons, rings, and bearings.
• Reassemble the engine carefully, following manufacturer torque specifications and guidelines.

Reinstall the Engine

• Reinstall the engine in the vehicle.
• Reconnect all electrical harnesses, fuel lines, and coolant lines.
• Refill the engine with oil and coolant as per manufacturer recommendations.

Break-In Procedure and Monitoring

• Follow a break-in procedure for new components, including varied RPMs and loads.
• Regularly inspect and monitor oil consumption and engine performance.
• Perform an oil change after the initial break-in period.