How to troubleshoot ignition problems on a 1971 Dodge Charger R/T?

Troubleshooting ignition problems on a 1971 Dodge Charger R/T can be a bit tricky but completely manageable with some patience and the right steps. Ignition issues can manifest in various ways, such as the engine not starting, a weak start, or stalling during operation. Understanding and identifying these issues is the first step toward resolving them. If your Dodge Charger R/T is experiencing any of these symptoms, here's how to solve this issue:

Step 1: Check the Battery

Begin with the battery, which is located in the front of the engine bay on the passenger side. It is a rectangular block with two cables connected to it (one red for positive and one black for negative). Verify that the terminals are clean and secure. Corrosion or a loose connection can lead to ignition problems. Clean the terminals if necessary and ensure the connections are tight.

Step 2: Inspect the Ignition Coil

The ignition coil is typically mounted on the driver's side of the engine bay and looks like a small cylindrical object with wires attached. Use a multimeter to check the primary and secondary resistance of the coil as per the manufacturer's specification. If the reading is outside the specified range, replace the ignition coil.

Step 3: Examine the Distributor Cap and Rotor

The distributor cap is usually located at the rear of the engine, near the firewall, and is connected to the spark plug wires. It looks like a round cap with thick wires coming out of it. Remove the cap and inspect it for cracks, carbon tracking, or signs of wear. The rotor inside should also be checked for burning or excessive wear. Replace these components if any issues are found.

Step 4: Test the Spark Plugs and Wires

Spark plugs are located at the end of each spark plug wire and can be found by tracing the wires from the distributor cap. Remove each spark plug using a spark plug socket. Inspect the electrodes for wear, carbon deposits, or oil fouling. Replace any spark plug that shows signs of wear or damage. Similarly, check the condition of the spark plug wires; they should be flexible and free from cracks or other damage. Replace wires as needed.

Step 5: Verify the Ignition Timing

Using a timing light, check the ignition timing as specified in the service manual. Connect the timing light to the number one spark plug wire (usually the front cylinder on the driver's side), and point the light at the timing marks on the crankshaft pulley. Adjust the distributor if necessary to align the timing marks with the specified timing degree.

Step 6: Check the Ignition Switch

The ignition switch is located on the steering column and is essential for sending power to the ignition system. If the switch is faulty, the engine might not start. You may need to remove the steering column cover to access the switch and use a multimeter to check for continuity. Replace the switch if it is faulty.

Step 7: Inspect the Grounds and Wiring

Check all the ground connections and wiring related to the ignition system. A bad ground or broken wire can lead to ignition problems. Clean and tighten all ground connections and repair or replace any damaged wiring.

Step 8: Consider the Electronic Ignition Module (If Installed)

If your 1971 Dodge Charger R/T has been retrofitted with an electronic ignition system, the module controlling it (often located near the coil or distributor) could be faulty. Use the manufacturer's diagnostic procedures to test the module and replace it if necessary.

By following these steps, you should be able to diagnose and fix most ignition problems on a 1971 Dodge Charger R/T. Patience and methodical troubleshooting are key. Good luck!